This study explores the motivational components within teacher rating systems and their impact on professional growth motivation. Employing a systematic review approach, it investigates texts pertaining to teacher rating systems, motivation, and professional development literature. By examining various texts and research findings on teacher motivation, factors influencing teacher ratings based on general, specialized, and professional competencies, as well as experience, are identified. Drawing parallels with Herzberg's motivational theory, this study provides recommendations to bolster teacher motivation and job satisfaction through improvements in the rating system.

Introduction. This fascinating disorder is also known as Sinus Histiocytosis. It is very rare, probably less than 1000 cases reported in the literature. R.D.D affects lymph nodes, although extranodal involvement has been reported such as: Centaral nervous system (CN.S). All of the cases of R.D.D with CN.S involvement without other sites involvement are 11 cases. Methods. The case is a male patient, 26y/o, with a history of head trauma 2 years ago that has been resulted to unconsciousness. He has been referred to a hospital and brain CT scan and brain M.R.I has been done for him. In M.R.I a brain tumor with left orbit and sphenoidal sinus involvement and compression effect on frontal lobe has been seen. A neurosurgeon operated him and the pathological report was Rosai-Dorfman disease. Then he was referred to radiation therapy department.Results. Treatment approach in CN.S involvement cases consists of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Discussion. Over all, response has been inferior to those expected with malignant hematopoietic neoplasms.

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with a wide range of cognitive, psychological, and behavioral impairments that significantly affect the life quality of patients and their relatives. Nowadays, it has been observed that prognosis and the stage of the PDcould be identified by Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) via measurement of the abnormality in executive function. FAB test is a brief and precise test. There is a correlation between this test and the other diagnostic tests for PD, such as Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) that is time consuming. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure FAB and UPDRS scores and to determine the possible correlation between these tests.Materials and Methods: Forty-nine patients diagnosed with PD and 50 healthy controls were included in the study. We compared FAB scores in normal controls and in PD patients, which were matched for age, sex, UPDRS, education and Mini-Mental State Examination score.Results: The results indicated a correlation between FAB and UPDRS tests in early stage of PD in all patients while there was no correlation between these two tests in men and women groups separately.Conclusion: FAB diagnostic test is not an appropriate alternative for UPDRS in Iranian Patients with early stage of PD. It is needed to provide a proper version of this test for the Iranian patients based on Persian language and culture.